| 单词 | correlation |
| 释义 | correlation The extent to which two variables vary together. Linear correlation between two variables x and y depends on the sign and size of ∑i (xi - μx) (yi - μy ), where μx and μy are the means of x and y. The two variables are positively correlated if this sum of products is positive, and negatively correlated if the sum of products is negative. The strength of correlation is measured by the correlation coefficient r = [∑i (xi - μx ) (yi - μy )]/[nσx σy ], where there are n pairs xi , yi , and σx and σy are the standard deviations of x and y. r varies between +1 and -1, being +1 if x and y are perfectly positively correlated and -1 if x and y are perfectly negatively correlated; if r = 0, x and y are independent. r does not depend on the units in which x and y are measured. See also: rank correlation, and serial correlation |
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