The proposal that access to markets for imports should be restricted to those made by labour whose pay and working conditions are up to some minimum standard. Supporters of this proposal argue that it would improve labour conditions in LDCs. Opponents argue that difficulties in policing it would mean that labour standards would simply serve as an excuse for protectionism in richer countries, and that losing employment opportunities would in any case harm workers in LDCs.

• exchange rate bands
• Exchange Rate Mechanism
• exchange rate regime
• exchange restrictions
• excise duty
• exclusion
• exclusive dealing
• ex dividend
• executive, chief
• exercise price
• exhaustible resources
• Eximbank
• exit
• exit, freedom of
• exit price
• exogenous expectations
• expectations
• expectations-augmented Phillips curve
• expectations, model-consistent
• expected inflation
• expected utility
• expected value
• expenditure
• expenditure-based deflator
• expenditure changing