| 单词 | external diseconomy |
| 释义 | external diseconomy A cost arising from an economic activity which does not fall on the person or firm controlling the activity. For example, factories pollute the atmosphere or rivers, and traffic using crowded roads inflicts delay on other vehicles and health damage on pedestrians. While conscience may restrain some polluters, in general activities which cause external diseconomies are carried on in excess of the levels that would be socially optimal. External diseconomies can be restricted by prohibiting some polluting activities and taxing others, but a complete cure on these lines is difficult because in many areas, including power generation and transport, a modern economy relies on polluting activities on a massive scale, and no ‘green’ alternatives are available. |
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