| 单词 | targeting |
| 释义 | targeting Making benefits available to particular groups rather than to the public at large. This is intended to keep down the total cost of attaining a policy objective. Targeting can be done in two ways: providing benefits in kind which appeal only to particular groups, or administrative restriction of the availability of benefits in cash or in kind. Some forms of targeting are simple: for example, nobody wants to use a wheelchair unless they need one. Other objectives are difficult to achieve: for example, providing a minimum retirement income. Universal pensions are very expensive, and much of the benefit goes to people with occupational pensions or other private income. Targeting implies means-testing state pensions; but means test are expensive to administer, and create disincentives to saving before retirement and to work after retirement age. |
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