英语词汇“Social Chapter”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-英汉经管词典

Social Chapter The section of the founding treaty of the European Union that reflects the agreement of member states with respect to social policy. The objectives of the Social Chapter are to promote employment, improve living and working conditions, establish dialogue between management and workers by means of works councils, implement proper social protection, and develop human resources with a view to lasting high employment. After much resistance, the British government finally agreed to the incorporation of these social aims and objectives into the main body of the treaty in 1997. This has led to a number of changes to UK law, including the implementation of unpaid parental leave and new rights for part-time workers (who are now entitled to be treated no less favourably than comparable full-time workers in their contractual terms and conditions).

social classes A system for classifying the population according to social status. According to the classification issued by the UK Office for National Statistics, there are seven classes for those in work and an eighth class for those on benefit:

• 1A—Large employers and higher managers: includes senior administrators, senior police and service officers, etc.;

• 1B—Senior professional people: includes lawyers, doctors, headteachers, airline pilots, etc.;

• 2—Other managerial and professional occupations: includes journalists, technicians, nurses, actors, NCOs, etc.;

• 3—Intermediate occupations: includes most clerical, sales, and service jobs, and professional sportspeople;

• 4—Small employers and the nonprofessional self-employed: includes plumbers, electricians, small farmers;

• 5—Skilled workers: includes train drivers, craftspeople, foremen, etc.;

• 6—Semi-routine occupations: includes caretakers, gardeners, assembly-line workers, etc.;

• 7—Routine occupations: includes cleaners, road workers, farm labourers, etc.;

• 8—The long-term unemployed and chronically sick.