| 单词 | monopoly policy |
| 释义 | monopoly policy Government policy towards monopolies. This is motivated partly by a belief that monopoly may lead to inefficient use of resources, and partly by a desire to promote a more equal income distribution than tends to result if some firms have monopoly power. The two main approaches to monopoly policy are attempts to control market structure, and attempts to control monopolists' behaviour. Market structure can be tackled by regulating Monopolies and Mergers Commission, forcing monolithic firms to split up, or controlling anti-competitive practices tending to inhibit entry to monopolized markets by firms established in other markets. Monopolists' behaviour can be controlled through taking them into public ownership by nationalization, or by subjecting them to price controls and other forms of supervision by regulatory bodies such as the UK Office of Telecommunications (Oftel). In some cases public policy actually supports monopoly: giving the postal service monopoly powers is justified by the argument that this allows it to use the profits on services in densely populated areas to cross-subsidize postal services in remote rural areas. |
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