| 单词 | ex ante |
| 释义 | ex ante As viewed in advance. The ex ante value of a variable is what the person or organization responsible expects it to be. An individual's ex ante savings, for example, is the amount they intend to save. Ex ante is contrasted with ex post, meaning as viewed after the event. Ex ante plans may not get carried out: individuals may save more than they intended if the goods they meant to buy are not available, or may save less if their incomes fall unexpectedly. Ex ante investment is what a firm intends to invest. Actual or ex post investment may be less than ex ante if building operations are delayed, or ex post investment may be more than ex ante if goods produced cannot be sold, so that stocks accumulate unexpectedly. It is necessary for equilibrium that when aggregated over the whole economy ex ante plans should be consistent. Ex ante variables usually cannnot be directly observed: individuals or firms often do not announce their intentions, and even if they do one may not necessarily believe the announcements. This is in contrast to ex post variables which are all in principle observable and consistent. |
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