| 单词 | sex discrimination |
| 释义 | sex discrimination Treating individuals differently on account of their sex. This may apply to employment, membership of professional bodies, insurance, pensions, or access to credit. The attitude to sex discrimination of both the law and social practice in modern societies is a jumble: some forms of sex discrimination are illegal, while others are compulsory. Where a person's sex is really irrelevant, economic theory suggests that discrimination is inefficient. Problems arise in cases where a person's sex is statistically significant: in pensions and annuities, for example, actuaries are aware that on average women live longer than men, and this affects the policies insurance companies offer them. Whether this actuarial difference should affect the qualifying age for and/or the level of state pensions is a matter of some controversy. While many types of formal sex discrimination have been removed in modern societies, it is still generally the case that women on average are paid less than men, and are more likely to work part-time and in relatively junior positions. |
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