| 单词 | surplus |
| 释义 | surplus surplus /; AmE / noun, adjective
■ noun [C,U]
ECONOMIC SURPLUS, EXTERNAL SURPLUS, BUYER'S SURPLUS, CONSUMER SURPLUS, STRUCTURAL SURPLUS, TRADE SURPLUS
1 an amount that is extra or more than you need: a surplus of housing The area has large job surpluses, requiring 10 000 people to fill available posts. Skilled workers are in surplus in some regions. SYN GLUT OPP SHORTAGE
2 (Accounting ; Economics ) the amount by which money that a government or business receives is greater than the amount of money spent in a particular period of time: The country has a huge budget surplus as it is a large oil exporting nation. The balance of payments was in surplus last year (= the value of exports was greater than the value of imports). The final-salary pension plan still has a healthy surplus. Venezuela's second-quarter current account surplus was up 3.4%. ⇨ DEFICIT See note at PROFIT
■ adjective
more than is needed or used: surplus cash/funds Surplus grain is being sold for export. These items are surplus to requirements (= not needed). The industry is suffering from surplus capacity (= it can produce more than is needed) across the world. The company is to return $2 million of surplus capital to shareholders. |
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